July 2016

Genealogy Gems:

News from the Fort Wayne Library No. 149, July 31, 2016

In this issue:

Summertime’s Story Times

To Honor Fallen Law Enforcement Officials

Tribalpages.com

Technology Tip of the Month--Microsoft Access: Creating a Form without Using the Wizard

Quick-Tip of the Month for Preservation--“How to Archive Family Photos: A Step-by-Step Guide to Organize and Share Your Photos Digitally”

History Tidbits: The Reform of the Progressive Era

More Summer School for Family Historians

Staying Informed about Genealogy Center Programming

Out and About

Area Calendar of Events

Driving Directions to the Library

Parking at the Library

Queries for The Genealogy Center

**************************************

Summertime’s Story Times by Curt B. Witcher

***************************************

Remember last month, when I ended my mid-year musing with the following? “These wonderfully long summer days give us extra moments of daylight in the late evening. Take those moments to record some of your stories and write-up some of your research. You might be surprised at how quickly it becomes an enjoyable habit. And you will as quickly experience what a benefit it is to you and those who will come after you.” I hope you have taken advantage of the five Friday-SaturdaySunday combinations of July to attend family reunions and enjoy family vacations, and yes, write-up stories created by those engaging events. The research done by the attendees of the Midwest African American Genealogy Institute at the library in mid-July contributed to more opportunities for creating and telling story. An extremely gifted story teller, Condra Ridley, greeted institute members with a wonderful story at the opening reception. July’s Midwestern Roots conference was filled with many story chances interleaved with other learning opportunities. The Friday keynote contained a number of stories with the aspiration that they would inspire many to commit to more writing, more storytelling. August will see a continued emphasis on story with the importance and power of story and living memory being a part of the International Federation of Library Associations Genealogy & Local History Preconference hosted in The Genealogy Center August 10 & 11, 2016. Condra Ridley and Julia Meek will lead engaging experiences. At the end of the month, the Federation of Genealogical Societies’ annual conference will take place in Springfield, IL. Four days of presentations to enhance and further one’s research toward the end goal of one being able to more fully and more completely tell one’s family story await all who make their way to the FGS conference. I invite you to attend, and stop by the Fort Wayne booth to see some of your friends from The Genealogy Center. An important part of discovering and telling our stories can be interviewing living relatives and those who are still living who knew our ancestors first-hand. Many books and even more articles have been written on best practices and successful strategies for interviewing and conducting oral history programs. I typically believe the best methods are the simple ones. The TED talk linked below, “Ten Ways to Have a Better Conversation,” by Celeste Headlee is one of the best videos I have seen on how to do interviewing well. Ms. Headlee is a professional interviewer, and provides ten basic, very useful tips on having a conversation—on doing an interview. http://www.dailygood.org/story/1268/10-ways-to-have-a-better-conversation-ted-com/ Her ten tips are below.

1. Don’t multi-task.

2. Don’t pontificate.

3. Use open-ended questions.

4. Go with the flow.

5. If you don’t know, say that you don’t know.

6. Don’t equate your experience with theirs.

7. Try not to repeat yourself.

8. Stay out of the weeds.

9. Listen.

10. Be brief. Begin the conversation! You’ll be glad you did.

***************************************

To Honor Fallen Law Enforcement Officials by Delia Bourne

***************************************

In this dangerous world, it is a sad fact that the people who attempt to enforce the law are more at risk than other citizens and are more likely to give their lives in service. Many communities have recognized this fact is the last few decades and have published volumes that memorialize these fallen officers. The Genealogy Center has been able to acquire many of these locale-specific works, including Richard F. Selcer and Kevin S. Foster’s “Written in Blood: the History of Fort Worth’s Fallen Lawmen” (976.402 T17SE). This 2010 publication is divided into two volumes, 1861-1909 and 1910 to 1928. The introduction notes that 84 law enforcement officials, including city and county police and sheriffs, and a county attorney, have died in Fort Worth and Tarrant County during these years. The entries identify each officer and his or her gravesite. There are endnotes for each chapter as well as a bibliography and index for each volume. Another city or county specific work is “In the Line of Duty” (977.102 C59INT) by the Greater Cleveland Peace Officers Memorial Society, edited by Thomas Armelli. This 2000 publication provides an alphabetical list of the fallen officers, followed by a chronological list. Biographies, arranged in chronological order, provide information about the events surrounding the death, a description of the trial and disposition of the killers, and a funeral account. Photos or sketches accompany most entries. “Oklahoma Heroes: The Oklahoma Peace Officers Memorial,” (976.6 OW27OK) by Ron Owens is a sample of what a state group may produce. The editor began by working with the National Law Officers Memorial Fund to identify and memorialize fallen officers by recording names, dates, locations, and circumstances. The volume offers a necrology of officers, then a listing of officers not on the Oklahoma memorial, but whom the author felt needed to be included. There is also a Fort Smith Honor Roll of Deputy United States Marshals killed in the line of duty in Western District of Arkansas (present-day Oklahoma) 1872-1896. It includes brief biographies, followed by a list of all U.S. Marshals Service Line of Duty Deaths, 1794-1993, which provides only the name, date of death, and district assigned. A special section on the Oklahoma City bombing of April 19, 1995, includes an account of the bombing with biographies and photos of the law enforcement officers killed in that event. Final sections provide statistics of when, where, and how officers died, and what became of their killers. It also contains maps of Oklahoma showing tribal lands in 1889 through counties in 1965, a bibliography and an index. Women officers are the focus of William Wilbanks’s “True Heroines: Police Women Killed in the Line of Duty throughout the United States, 1916-1999” (973 W641TR). The entries are chronological and provide the name of the officer, date and location, and may include photos of the officer and memorial or gravesite, sources, as well as information on the perpetrator, trial and sentence. Addendums include a list of women killed in 1999 and early 2000, too late to be included in the volume, and women whose names were not submitted to the author but were discovered to have been killed in the line of duty. “To Serve and Protect: A Tribute to American Law Enforcement,” (973 T55), by the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, includes a history of American law enforcement, information on the creation of the making of the memorial, and a roll call of fallen officers. Arranged by state or territory, then city, the roll call lists only names. Following is an alphabetical listing of biographies, most with photos, although not all of those listed on the memorial have biographies included. The National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund also maintains a website at http://www.nleomf.com/ , to raise money to honor fallen law enforcement officers. The site also contains various tributes and articles of remembrance. One can perform a quick search by name, or advanced search by name, state, cause of death, race, gender, age range, years of service, date range covering the nineteenth to twenty-first centuries. Entries provide name, location on the Memorial, death date, location, and law enforcement affiliation, with links to rank, age and years in service, circumstances of death, and photo, if available. To locate other compilations that honor fallen law enforcement officials, search our catalog under the location with keywords “law enforcement,” “police,” “marshals,” etc.

***************************************

Tribalpages.com by Allison DePrey Singleton

***************************************

The Internet is inundated with genealogical websites. They vary greatly in quality, and whether you use them for research or organization, it often takes a bit of research and patience to find one that truly fits your needs. One website of use for the organization of genealogical information is Tribalpages.com. It offers an online pictorial presentation for your family tree information. The website is free with an option to upgrade it by subscription. The subscription version offers more selections for creating reports, charts, and adding addition photographs to your family tree. This version also allows multiple family lines to be highlighted in multiple colors. This feature helps users to follow family lines at a glance. Another feature of the subscription site is a biweekly newsletter, highlighting upcoming birthdays, anniversaries, and new additions to the family tree. You can also sign up other family members or guests to receive the newsletters. The site is accessible from anywhere with an Internet connection. A free mobile app is also available to make researching at a repository easier. When creating a family tree on Tribalpages.com, you will also need to create a password for editing. You also have an option to create another password for accessing the family tree in the privacy settings. Doing so makes it possible to limit the amount of information shown to those accessing the family tree. The privacy settings can also limit the ability of names in the family tree to be searchable online. One can also use or opt out of a Tribalpages directory, depending on the preferred privacy desired for the family tree. You can share a family tree among family members and friends by sending invitations from the website or by sharing the login information. A guest book allows visitors to comment on the family tree. The website information is highly customizable, but not the format. The family tree name, introduction, and website colors can be changed, but the format of the family tree will remain the same. There are many great qualities to Tribalpages, but it has its issues as well. The website has a directory and something called “Smart Search” for subscribers, but neither is especially helpful to the research process. The website is better used as a place to store information and not to discover information. Users in several online forums have also reported difficulties working with the customer service feature. When searching for an online organizational tool for your genealogical research, check out Tribalpages.com and see if it would be a good fit for you. Remember to do comparisons and be realistic about what you expect from the program you use. The Genealogy Center does not promote any product over another, but we would like for everyone to be aware of what is available. Check out our blog for more evaluation of this website.

***************************************

Technology Tip of the Month--Microsoft Access: Creating a Form without Using the Wizard by Kay Spears

***************************************

Hey, maybe you’re adventurous! Maybe you are ready for the next step – creating a form without using the wizard. I promise, we will keep our first form simple. Open the database we have been working on – in my case it is KaysAddressDatabase. So far we have created a table and built a form using the Form Wizard. In the last article we even changed the way our form looked. Choose the Create tool on the Ribbon, find “Form Design” and click on it. This creates a blank form. Not too much there, is there? What you should see are rulers, a small black square in the upper left of your blank form, and while in Design View, your form will have grid lines. Notice that because we are in Design View, the properties on your ribbon have changed. You now have a lot of tool options available to you; we will review a few of them. The first thing we want to do is connect our form to a Source. In this case it will be our table. Right click on the small square black box in the upper left hand corner of your box. A menu will pop up, and on that menu will be the words: Form View, Layout View, Design View, Datasheet View, Build Event, Tab Order, Form Properties and Properties. Click on “Form Properties.” When you do this, a Property Sheet Task pane opens on the right. (Depending on your setting, the task pane may be open already.) There are five tabs: Format, Data, Event, Other and All. Make sure it is your Data tab that has been chosen. After you have selected the Data tab, a list will be available to you; you want to select Record Source. Notice there is a little arrow on the Record Source line. Click on the arrow, and you should find your table. Choose the table. Now, your Record Source should be connected to your table. What this means is that any field you have created in your table will be available for you to insert into your form. Let’s go back to the ribbon. Remember that the section name for everything in the ribbon appears at the bottom of the ribbon in rather small writing. You should still be in Design View. Find the section which is named “Controls.” In the Controls section are some icons with a scroll bar. If you hold your cursor over each of these controls, a message popup will appear that tells you what each one is. Find the Control which says “Combo Box,” and select it. Move your cursor back to the form. When you do this you should see that your cursor has changed. There should be a little cross, plus an icon which looks like the Combo Box icon. Find the place on your form where you will draw a rectangle, and drag your cursor. As soon as you release your cursor, a wizard box pops up. Now we could go through the wizard for the Combo Box, but we will not, so click “Cancel.” Look at the box/boxes you’ve drawn, there should be two boxes. One will say “Combo” and the other will say “Unbound.” The rectangle that says “Combo” is the label, and the rectangle that says “Unbound” is where we will put our control source. Click on the rectangle that says “Unbound.” In the Property Sheet Task pane, find “Control Source.” Click on the drop-down arrow at the Control Source. If you connected to your table correctly, there should be fields available for you to choose. Mine have ID, LName, FName, Address, etc. The first field I select will be ID. Once you have selected the field, your Combo Box will say “ID” instead of “Unbound.” Whenever you are working on the boxes, they should be highlighted. I may also adjust the size and placement of these boxes. Remember I said that when we inserted the Combo Box, there was also a label that came with it. If you don’t want any labels in your form, you can delete them. Just be careful that you click on the Label and not the Bound box when you delete. If you want to have labels, highlight/click only the Label box and then click again so the text/font is selected, and type the name you want in the label. In this case it would be ID. You may continue to add more fields to your form by repeating the above method. When you have the fields that you want, and they are placed where you want, click on “View>Form View” to see what your finished product is. If you are happy with the results, save this form. And there you have it. You have now created a simple form without using the wizard. In the next article we will look at using an Unbound Box.

***************************************

Quick-Tip of the Month for Preservation--“How to Archive Family Photos: A Step-by-Step Guide to Organize and Share Your Photos Digitally” by John Beatty

***************************************

The curating and care of personal photographs is a frequent theme of our Preservation articles. We received a new book this month by Denise May Levenick titled “How to Archive Family Photos: A Step-by-Step Guide to Organize and Share Your Photos Digitally” (GC 929 M45h). Levenick gives some excellent, succinct advice on photo organization with such chapter titles as “Scanning Tactics,” “Core Photo Project Skills,” and “Heirloom Photo Storage.” She discusses Cloud storage services and custom photo book projects. This is a very useful, handy guide to what can sometimes be a daunting project to many of us and is highly recommended by the staff.

***************************************

PERSI Gems by Adam Barrone and Michael Hudson

***************************************

Indiana’s own Governor Michael Pence is now in the national spotlight as a candidate for vice president. Governor Pence is the 50th incumbent of his office since Indiana gained statehood two centuries ago. The Periodical Source Index (PERSI) cites numerous articles about past governors including many from Indiana. Try a search for your own state governors at: http://search.findmypast.com/search/periodical-source-index Here are some of the gubernatorial gems we found: Fort Wayne Times & Press excerpts, Gov. Samuel Bigger death, canal news, 1846 Hoosier Packet: News and Journal of the Canal Society of Indiana, v.11n.2, Feb. 2012 General Lew Wallace speech, returned Indiana regiment colors to the Indiana governor, 1866 Illinois Heritage, v.11n.3, May 2008 Gov. Daniels effort to eliminate liberal propaganda, Howard Zinn textbooks, from universities, 2010 Indiana Magazine of History, v.110n.2, Jun. 2014 Governor Hannah Penn, first woman governor, 1670-1726 Pennsylvania Heritage, v.29n.4, Fal. 2003 Governor M. Clifford Townsend turns on switch for Christmas lighting, 1937 Blackford County (IN) Historical Society News, Nov. 2008 Governor Paul V. McNutt at the Democratic convention, Franklin Roosevelt suspicions, 1932-1940 Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History, v.26n.3, Sum. 2014 Pep the cat-murdering dog sentenced to Eastern State Penitentiary by Gov. Gifford Pinchot, 1924 Mennisenk (Minisink Valley Historical Society, NY), v.27n.3, 2012 Petition to Gov. Thomas Posey from Harrison Co. citizens protesting black settlers, 1814 Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History, v.25n.1, Win. 2013 Thomas Jefferson letter to Indiana Territorial Governor William Henry Harrison, Feb. 27, 1803 Potawatomi Trail of Death Association Newsletter, Aug. 2010

***************************************

History Tidbits: The Reform of the Progressive Era by Allison DePrey Singleton

***************************************

Was your great-grandmother a suffragette? Were your family members teetotalers or did they make bathtub gin? Did your ancestor work as a meat packer? If you answered yes to any of these questions, your ancestors’ lives experienced dramatic changes as the twentieth century dawned. The Gilded Age, which dominated the last decades of the nineteenth century, was known for its opulence, excesses, and corruption. Many local city governments were run by political machines and influenced by the wealthy. Beginning in the 1890s, a reform movement arose in response to the problems associated with this culture of corruption, industrialization, and politics. The reformist leaders of this so-called Progressive Era took on such wide-ranging issues as women’s suffrage, improved housing, and purer food and drugs. They were determined to end corruption, promote education, and improve living conditions of the poor, especially in cities. They saw the evils of rampant alcoholism and enacted Prohibition. They sought to break up monopolies and promote efficiency in business management. The Era lasted until the 1920s but was at its peak during the first two decades after 1900. Several constitutional amendments brought dramatic changes to American society. The Sixteenth Amendment imposed a tax on corporate and individual incomes. The Seventeenth changed election law by mandating the direct election of U.S. senators. The Eighteenth Amendment brought Prohibition, and the Nineteenth gave women the vote. The widespread corruption and other excesses of the Gilded Age received exposure through the efforts of such crusading journalists or “muckrakers” as Ida Tarbell, Samuel Hopkins Adams, Upton Sinclair, and David Graham Phillips. The Eighteenth Amendment had its origins in the Temperance Movement, a religious reform movement against alcohol abuse that received the backing of Methodists, Baptists, Congregationalists, Scandinavian Lutherans, and other evangelical churches. Its roots had germinated during the Second Great Awakening in the 1840s and gained momentum after the formation of the Women’s Christian Temperance Union and the Anti-Saloon League in the late 1800s. The Eighteenth Amendment was repealed in 1933 with the passage of the Twenty-First Amendment. Women were not only instrumental in the Temperance Movement but also worked for suffrage, education, public health, food processing, and many other types of reform. Female activists were called the “municipal housekeepers,” since they observed community needs and stepped up to make changes within the social norms of the time. After years of protest and lobbying, they brought about the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment and the right of women to vote. Women and men worked together to improve the condition of tenements and to put appropriate laws into place that regulated their maintenance. Upton Sinclair’s novel, “The Jungle,” became famous for exposing the unsanitary practices of the meatpacking industry and led to improvements in both the quality of food and in the way it is processed. Public education became mandatory and emphasized health and hygiene. A darker aspect of the Progressive Era was the study and practice of eugenics, the science of “improving” the human population by controlled breeding, a science now largely discredited since World War II. While such reformers as Margaret Sanger encouraged family planning and the use of birth control, other practitioners advocated forced sterilizations of persons in mental institutions, orphanages, and poor farms. Knowing the history of the time period when an ancestor lived can provide vital clues about their lives. Clubs, societies, and the various reform initiatives in the Progressive Era could all have records that would unveil a new aspect of an ancestor’s story. Check out an amazing Indiana reformer by the name of Albion Fellows Bacon for inspiration. Our collection is full of wonderful materials on the Progressive Era, including “The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era.” (973.006 SO129J, 2002).

***************************************

More Summer School for Family Historians

***************************************

Our summer series for 2016, “Beginning… or Beginning Again,” continues with “Finding & Using Newspapers,” presented by Delia Bourne, August 27, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. Newspapers chronicle the lives and times of our ancestors, and are so consequential in helping us find and tell our ancestors' stories. Remember, too, to mark your calendars for the September program, “A Genealogical Data Management Program Exposé,” presented by the Technology Interest Group of the Allen County Genealogical Society of Indiana on September 24, 2016, 10:00 a.m.

***************************************

Staying Informed about Genealogy Center Programming

***************************************

Do you want to know what we’ve got planned? Are you interested in one of our events, but forget? We are now offering email updates for The Genealogy Center’s programming schedule. Don’t miss out! Sign up at http://goo.gl/forms/THcV0wAabB.

***************************************

Out and About

***************************************

Curt Witcher August 31 to September 3, 2016 Federation of Genealogical Societies Conference, Prairie Capital Convention Center, Springfield, IL Wednesday, August 31: “’Courage to Change the Things I Can…': Being a Successful Change Agent” “Keys to Our Success in These ‘Best of Times’” “Succession Planning: Growing Tomorrow’s Leaders” “Embracing Change and Steering a Course: Mapping a Direction for Your Genealogical Society: Thursday, September 1: “’There I Grew Up:’ Accessing the Historical Resources of Indiana’s Lincoln Financial Foundation Collection” Saturday, September 3: “PERSI 3.0: New Possibilities from an Old Research Companion” Sara Allen August 10, 2016 Anderson Public Library, 111 East 12th Street, Anderson, IN, 6 p.m. Presentation title: “Understanding Your DNA Test Results” Melissa Tennant August 31 to September 3, 2016 Federation of Genealogical Societies Conference, Prairie Capital Convention Center, Springfield, IL Wednesday, August 31: “The Virtual Volunteer.” September 3, 2016 “Researching Indiana Digital Collections” “Discovering Female Ancestors.” “Destination: The Genealogy Center in Fort Wayne, Indiana.”

***************************************

Area Calendar of Events

***************************************

Mary Penrose Wayne DAR Chapter Library Help Day for Prospective Members August 3, 2016 - Allen County Public Library, 900 Library Plaza, Fort Wayne, Indiana, 9 - 4 p.m. ACGSI Genealogy Technology Group August 17, 2016 – Allen County Public Library, 900 Library Plaza, Fort Wayne, Indiana, 7 p.m. Miami Indian Heritage Days August 6 – Work and Play Among Native Peoples: Games of the Miami with Craig Arnold, Diane Hunter, & Doug Peconge. Post Miamies 1754 – 1763 Aug 27-28, 2016 – Historic Fort Wayne, 1201 Spy Run Ave, Fort Wayne, Indiana. 10:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. on Saturday, August 27, and 10:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m. on Sunday, August 28.

***************************************

Driving Directions to the Library

***************************************

Wondering how to get to the library? Our location is 900 Library Plaza, Fort Wayne, Indiana, in the block bordered on the south by Washington Boulevard, the west by Ewing Street, the north by Wayne Street, and the east by the Library Plaza, formerly Webster Street. We would enjoy having you visit the Genealogy Center. To get directions from your exact location to 900 Library Plaza, Fort Wayne, Indiana, visit this link at MapQuest: http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?formtype=address&addtohistory=&address=900%20Web ster%20St&city=Fort%20Wayne&state=IN&zipcode=46802%2d3602&country=US&geodiff=1 >From the South Exit Interstate 69 at exit 302. Drive east on Jefferson Boulevard into downtown. Turn left on Ewing Street. The Library is one block north, at Ewing Street and Washington Boulevard. Using US 27: US 27 turns into Lafayette Street. Drive north into downtown. Turn left at Washington Boulevard and go five blocks. The Library will be on the right. >From the North Exit Interstate 69 at exit 312. Drive south on Coldwater Road, which merges into Clinton Street. Continue south on Clinton to Washington Boulevard. Turn right on Washington and go three blocks. The Library will be on the right. >From the West Using US 30: Drive into town on US 30. US 30 turns into Goshen Ave. which dead-ends at West State Blvd. Make an angled left turn onto West State Blvd. Turn right on Wells Street. Go south on Wells to Wayne Street. Turn left on Wayne Street. The Library will be in the second block on the right. Using US 24: After crossing under Interstate 69, follow the same directions as from the South. >From the East Follow US 30/then 930 into and through New Haven, under an overpass into downtown Fort Wayne. You will be on Washington Blvd. when you get into downtown. Library Plaza will be on the right.

***************************************

Parking at the Library

***************************************

At the Library, underground parking can be accessed from Wayne Street. Other library parking lots are at Washington and Webster, and Wayne and Webster. Hourly parking is $1 per hour with a $7 maximum. ACPL library card holders may use their cards to validate the parking ticket at the west end of the Great Hall of the Library. Out of county residents may purchase a subscription card with proof of identification and residence. The current fee for an Individual Subscription Card is $70. Public lots are located at the corner of Ewing and Wayne Streets ($1 each for the first two halfhours, $1 per hour after, with a $4 per day maximum) and the corner of Jefferson Boulevard and Harrison Street ($3 per day). Street (metered) parking on Ewing and Wayne Streets. On the street you plug the meters 8am – 5pm, weekdays only. It is free to park on the street after 5pm and on the weekends. Visitor center/Grand Wayne Center garage at Washington and Clinton Streets. This is the Hilton Hotel parking lot that also serves as a day parking garage. For hourly parking, 7am – 11 pm, charges are .50 for the first 45 minutes, then $1.00 per hour. There is a flat $2.00 fee between 5pm and 11pm.

***************************************

Genealogy Center Queries

***************************************

The Genealogy Center hopes you find this newsletter interesting. Thank you for subscribing. We cannot, however, answer personal research emails written to the e-zine address. The department houses a Research Center that makes photocopies and conducts research for a fee. If you have a general question about our collection, or are interested in the Research Center, please telephone the library and speak to a librarian who will be glad to answer your general questions or send you a research center form. Our telephone number is 260-421-1225. If you’d like to email a general information question about the department, please email: Genealogy@ACPL.Info.

***************************************

Publishing Note:

***************************************

This electronic newsletter is published by the Allen County Public Library's Genealogy Center, and is intended to enlighten readers about genealogical research methods as well as inform them about the vast resources of the Allen County Public Library. We welcome the wide distribution of this newsletter and encourage readers to forward it to their friends and societies. All precautions have been made to avoid errors. However, the publisher does not assume any liability to any party for any loss or damage caused by errors or omissions, no matter the cause. To subscribe to “Genealogy Gems,” simply use your browser to go to the website: www.GenealogyCenter.org. Scroll to the bottom, click on E-zine, and fill out the form. You will be notified with a confirmation email. If you do not want to receive this e-zine, please follow the link at the very bottom of the issue of Genealogy Gems you just received or send an email to kspears@acpl.lib.in.us with "unsubscribe e-zine" in the subject line. Curt B. Witcher and John D. Beatty, CG, co-editors